Assigwob of ohe-half to



7 'UNiTED 'STATE-S PATENT erica.

,oswALn 13S .wirdearn, orrennronninnmois, inssienoe for ONE-HALF irol srnorr'ICAfrIoNf `mci1ing ptof Letters Patent No. 293,834, dated rebruarylle, 1884.

` Application filed Augiist 27, 1883. (NoV model.)

To @ZZ whom t 71mg/ concern:

phenson and State of Illinois, have'invented certain new'and useful Improve-ments in Windmills; and I do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in g pertains to make and use` the art to which it the same.

My invention is an'improvement in windmills of that class in which thepower of the wind-wheel is applied to the rotation of avermills, as distinguished from pumping-mills. lThe invention is fully described, explained, l

and claimed in the following specification, and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a plan of the mill; Fig. 2, a vertical section thereof through the line x y, Fig. l; and Fig. 3, a side elevation thereof, the view in both Figs. 2 and 3 being in the direction indicated by the arrow a', Fig. 1.

In these views,Kis'a tower of ordinary form; K, an iron plate forming the top of the tower, and K a verticalcylindrical sleeve formed integrally with the plate K. About the sleeve K rotates freelya collar, A,which supports, by means of an intermediate arm, A', the horizontal bearing Awithin which is journaled the horizontal shaft F of ran ordinary` windwheel, G. The bearing vA and arm A are formedintegrally withlthe collar A, as is also a suitable proj ection, A,which supports the main vane L of the mill,the vane L and bearing A being in the same vertical plane, but on opposite ,sides of the collar A. Above the collar A is another collar, B, which rotates freely about the sleeve K, and supports an integrally-formed arm, B', and horizontalbearing B, and alsoan integrally-formed projecting flange, B,whicl1 carries an auxiliary vane, N. In the bearing B is j ournaled a horizontal shaft, E,which is in the same horizontal plane with the shaft F of the wind-wheel, and is connected with said shaft by a universal-jointcoupling, H. By means of this connection the rotation of the shaft Fin its bearing is transmitted directly and positively to the shaft E; .but the two shafts and their bearings AB have an independent motion about the vertical axis of Be it known that` I, OSWALD E. WINGER,1 a resident of Freeport, in the county of Ste,v

the mill. Theshafts E F may, in fact, be regarded as forming a single flexible wind-wheel shaft, or -a shaft divided into two parts united by a `flexible connection, and having a uniform motion of rotation throughout its entire length.

On the shaft E is rigidly mounted a beveled gear, C, engaging with a beveled gear, D, mounted on the vertical shaft I,which is j ournaled in the sleeve K and in a stationarybearing, Q, at the foot of the tower. The motion of the iiexible shaft E F is transmitted through i the flange B of the collar B, and is in a ver- Y tical plane at an angle of forty-five degrees to the vertical plane passing through the shaft E. The angle of the two planes may be any acute angle,vbut, for the reasons hereinafter set forth,the angle of forty-fivedegrees is preferable to any other.

From the foregoing description it is evident that if the wind-wheel be rotated from left to right, or in the direction indicated by arrows on its periphery in Figs. l and 3, the gear C must rotate in the same direction, as indicated by arrows in Figs. 1 and 3, and the beveled gear D must turn in the direction indicated by the arrow on its face in Fig. l, the shaft I turning with it. If, now, no resistance be offered to the rotation of the shaft I-that is, if the mill has no workto do-the pressure of the wind in the direction indicated by the arrow w, Fig. l, will force the vane N backward until it is in the line of the wind and in the same Vertical plane with the main vane L," and the entire casting to which the vane N is attached will swing with it, until, when the, vane N reaches the vertical plane of the lvane L, the shaft E will be in avvertical plane pass- .ing through the line m n, Fig. l, and at an y ever, asthe mill is called upon to do *any work,

a certain resistance is offered to the rotation of the shaft I and gear D, the amount of such resistance varying with the power required to do the work, and a necessary result of this resistance is a tendency of the gear C to roll around the periphery of the gear D, instead of rotating the latter, the direction in which the gear C tends to roll beirg opposite to the direction of rotation of the shaft I-that is, the direction indicated by the arrow a', Fig. l. As the gear C rolls around the periphery of the gear D, it carries with it the bearing B, and the entire casting of which the bearing forms a part, and also the vane N, which is rigidly attached to said casting. As the vane moves in the direction indicated by the arrow a', the force of the wind on its surface (which is zero when the two vanos lie in the same plane) gradually increases, and the motion of the vane continues until. the force of the wind upon its surface becomes equal to the resistance offered by the work to the rotation of the vertical shaft I. The vane and its gear C then come to rest and remain stationary so long as the elements of work and wind remain constant.

If the work increase or the wind diminish, the vane will move still farther in the direction indicated by the arrow a', whereas, if the work decrease or the wind increase, the vane'will move baci; toward the main vane L. In every position of the vane N, however, the force of the wind upon its surface balances the resistance offered by the work, and entirely prevents any tendency of the windwheel to move out of the wind in consequence of such resistance.

The coupling H has a working-range of ninety degrees, and the vane N is placed at an angle of forty-live degrees to the shaft E, in order to utilize the entire range of the joint. Vhen the vane N is in the plane of the vane L, the shaft E is in the line m n, and the shafts EF being then at an angle of forty-five degrees, the coupling is at one of the limits of its working-range. Vhen the vanes L N are at an angle of forty-five degrees, the shafts E F are in a straight line, and when the vane N is at right angles to the vane L, the shaft Eis at right angles to the line ony a, and at an angle of forty-five degrees to the shaft F, and the coupling is at its opposite limit. As the pressure of the wind on the vane L is zero when the two vanes lie in the'same plane, and is greatest when they are at right angles, it will be seen that by placing the vane as shown the limits of least and greatest Wind-pressure on the vane N are reached simultaneously with the limits of working-range of the joint, and thus the entire capacity of both the vane and the coupling are made available. Another reason for placing the vane at an angle to the shaft E, as shown, isthat by making the vane N of such size that when'at an angle of forty-five degrees the wind-pressure on its surface balances the resistance of the work to the rotain Fig. l, and the coupling H will ordinarily' be in a straight line, thus avoiding the added friction consequent upon working atan angle.

No means are shown for regulating the speed of revolution of the wind-wheel; but the connection between the wind-wheel and the main vane L may be made flexible, and any Well-known device for swinging the wheel in toward the vane may be made use of.

Having now described my invention and explained its operation, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a windmill of the class described, the combination of a horizontal wind-wheel shaft consisting of two independently journaled parts, rotating uniformly in their bearings, but having independent rot-ation about the vertical axis of the mill, a wind-wheel mounted on one of said parts, gearing connecting the other of said partswith the vertical shaft of the mill, and a vane rigidly attached to the bearing of the part so geared to the vertical shaft, substantially as and for the purpose Set A forth.

2. In a windmill of the class described, the combination of two horizontal shafts lying in the saine .horizontal plane, and journaled in indcpeinl-ent bearings rotating freely about the vertical axis of the mill, a fiexiblc coupling connecting said shafts and adapted to secure their uniform rotation in their bearings, but at the same time to permit independent rotationof said bearingsabont `the Vertical axis, a wind-wheel mounted on one of said shafts, gearing connecting the other with the vertical shaft of the mill, and a vane rigidlyv attached to the bearing of said last-named horizontal shaft, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination of the sleeve K, independent collars BA, rotating freely about said sleeve, bearings B A, formed integrally with said collars, respectively, shafts E F, rotating in said bearings, respectively, universal coupling H, 'connecting said shafts, and vane N, rigidly attached to said bearing, and collar B B, substantially as shown and described, and for thc purpose set forth.

i. The combination of the bearings AB, shafts F E, rotating in said bearings, respectively, coupling H, connecting said shafts, and vane N, rigidly attached to the b caring B at an acute angle to the vertical plane of the shaft E, substantially as shown and described, and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

OSYVALD E. TINGER XVitnesses:

l-I. M. MoNTErrUs, Ostern TAYLOR.

IIO 

